Brake



V. BENDIX Dec. s, 1936.

BRAKE original Filed July 14, 1924 lNvl-:NTORl VmcENTBENmx .1dr ATTORNEYPatented Dec. 8, 1936l BRAKE Vincent Bendix, SouthfBend, Ind., assignor,by menne assignmenta'to Bendix Aviation Corporation, South Bend, Ind.; a

corporationvof Deianenl'ed for abandoned' application serial No.

216,096, August 29, 1927, which in turn is a division of applicationSerial No. 726,050, July Serial N0. 658,205

This application February 23, 1933,

This invention relates to brakes and is illustrated as embodied in anaxially-movable brake of the type ordinarily referred to as a diskbrake.

One important feature of the invention relates to operating the disks ofthe brake, or their equivalents, by power means arranged in a novelmanner and which may include a .cylinder and lplungerv operated by airor other fluid power, or a solenoid and plunger operated electrically,or equivalent power means includingtwo relatively .movable members oneof which acts on each of a pair oi brake disks arranged to move inopposite directions to apply the b'rake.

Another feature of the invention relates to the arrangement of the disksof the .brake .to act on a rotatable member, shown as arranged within anouter drum or housing and which is permitted a slight axial movement toadjust itself to the Y pressure of the friction disks. Preferably therotatable member includes -two spaced disks or parts which may beintegrally connected tol form a structure generally U-shaped in crosssection,

i thus facilitating the dissipation'of the heat when the brake isapplied.

The above and other objects and features of the invention, includingvarious novel combinations `oi' parts and desirable particularconstructions,

will be apparent from the lfollowing description of the illustrativeembodiments shown in the ac companying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is` a 'horirzontal radial section through one-half of a brakearranged to be operated .by vacuum pressure; 4

Figure 2 is a similar sectionv of an electrically operated brake, and

' Figure 3 is a horizontalradial section through one-half of abrakearranged to be operated'by airpressu're.

The brake of Figure l includes a rotatable element such as a drum orhousing Il having a radially extending flange l2' to which a cover.plate |4 may be secured by bolts or .other fastenings, and with whichis associated a rotatable disk member Il which has spaced plates 2li and22. I prefer to make the disk member Ilv in one integral piecesubstantially U-shaped in cross section, so that the plates or disks 20and 22 Aare integrally connected. 'I'he disk member I8 is preferablymounted to allow a slight axial movement to adjust its positionautomatically to the Thus the disk member" i6 ro- .mes with the. drumand yet is free .to smit slightly in 'an axial direction t0 adjust itsP0-` sition automatically when the brake is applied. The friction meansor working disk member of the brake includes a pair of disks or plates26 and 28 faced with brake lining or other friction material. 30 andwhich are arranged to be spread apart against the inner surfaces of thedisks or plates 20 and 22 to apply the brake. The disk or plate 26 isshown as secured by screws or other iastenings 32 to a hollowsupportsleeve-34 which may be the axle .housing or the front wheelknuckle in the caseof an automobile brake. The sleeve 34 and a. baseflange formed on the plate or disk 28 are formed with registeringgrooves for keys 42 only one of which is shown, which keys preventrelative angular movement of the plates or disks 26 and 28 whilepermitting the laier Vto move freely Vwithv respect to the other inanaxial direction.

' The working disks or plates are operated by a n ovel motor which inthe embodiment of Fig-` ure 1 is shown as including cylinders 44 securedto said sleeve 34 by an extending arm only one of which is shown, andeach cylinder'of which is vprovided with a plunger or vpiston 46 securedto the disk or plate 28. 'I'he particular arrangement illustrated inFig. 1 is intended to be operated by air pressure acting on the outerside of the piston plunger 46, the pressure being provided by suctionfrom the intake manifold acting through a conduit 48 communicating withthe interior of the cylinder'44. 'Ihat is, whilethe device may beoperated either under super-atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure, theparticu'- iar embodiment illustrated is arranged for subv atmosphericpressure.

Amodifled form adapted for operation und-er super-atmospheric pressureillustrated in Fig. 3, comprises a rotatable disc member |54 axially vslidable upon pins |61 carried `in the rotatable casing |22 and brakefriction discs ||4 and Ill, one of which may be xed to the supportsleeve H3 and the other slidably keyed thereon'. actuate the brake discscylinders |16, only one of which is shown, carried by the sleeve III areiitted with pistons which. as shown, are connectedto the brake disc lH6.Upon application offiiuid pressure through the conduit |16 to the pistonand cylinder, it will appear that the piston will thrust brake disc shoe8 into engagement with disc |64, sliding the same on the key |61fintoengagement with brake vdisc shoe H4. Thus the braking'for'ce iisv eq and55 In the arrangement of Figure 2, the rotatable disk member 50 whichcorresponds to the disk Amember I8 and which is formed with spacedplates or disks 52 and 54, is somewhat thinner than the disk member I8,and the friction means of the brake is arranged to engage with the outersurfaces instead of the inner surfaces of the disks and plates 52 and54. The working disks or plates 56 and 58 are faced with frictionmaterial 50, and'the'disk 56 is secured to a support sleeve 62 whichsleeve carries on extending arms, solenoids 68, each of -which isprovided with a plunger or core 10, secured to the disc or parte ss. Asmust-rated, the cere 1o 1s preferably provided with a magnetic tipportion within the solenoid which is adapted to move the plunger towardthe brake discs upon energization of the solenoid.

This application is a division of my copending application No. 726,050,illed July 14, 1924, and relates to the subject matter disclosed in,application No. 216,096, filed August 29, 192'?. While two illustrativeembodiments have been described in detail, it is not my intention tolimit the scope of the invention to those particular embodiments orotherwise than by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A brake comprising a rotatable element, a disk member having spacedplates, a Working disk member comprising `a. pair of plates arrangedside by side and mounted for being spread laterally so as-to expandsaidworking member and'frictionally engage the plates of the othermember, one of said members being secured to said elementso as to berotated therewith. and the other being held against rotation, a plungersecured to one of the plates of said working member, and means formoving said plungersecured to the other plate of said Working memberproviding a motor whereby said working member may be spread.

2. -A disk brake comprising a rotatable member having generally parallelsurfaces, in combination with a pair of non-rotatable plates arrangedside by side and mounted for movement in opposite directions to engagesaid surfaces, together with 'a power motor including parts rigidlysecured to and acting respectively on said non-rotatable plates.

3. A disk brake comprising, in combination, a rotatable element havinggenerally parallel surfaces, a pair of plates movable in oppositedirections for engagement with said surfaces, anopl erating plungersecured to one of said plates,

and a power/device acting on the other of said plates including andacting on Vsaid plunger.

4. A disk brake comprising, in combination, a

rotatable axially shiftable element, a'pair of plates movableV intooperativev engagement with said element, a non-rotatable support 'towhich one of said plates is secured, and means for keying the other-'ofsaid plates-to said non-rotatable support for axial movement relative tothe 'secured plate.

' ing the other of said plates to said support for um' movement relativeto seid secured plate, together with applying means for movement of oneof said plates axially to apply the'brakevanu for balancing the applyingforce between said plates.

6. A rotatable brake element including an outer cup-shapedmrum having aradial flange at its open side, a plate secured to said ilange andpartially closing the open side of the drum, and a friction elementarranged within said drum and rotating with said drum.

'7. A rotatable brake member, in combination with a rotatable frictionmember generally U- shaped in cross section, and means for keying saidU-shaped section member to the rotatable member in a manner to permititto shift its position axially.

8. A drum having spaced portions on its opposite sides, in combinationwith a friction ele. ment arranged within the drum, and a key devicepassing through aligned openings yin said portions of the drum and inthe friction member and permitting the friction member to shift itsposition in an axialdirection within the drum.

9. A brake comprising a rotatable element, a

disk member having spaced plates, a Working disk member comprising apair of disk plates -arranged coaxially and mounted to be moved inopposite directions to force the pair of plates into frictionalengagement with the plates of the disk member, one of said members beingvsecured to said element so `as to be rotated therewith 10. A disk brakecomprising, `in combination,

Y a rotatable element, a pair of friction disksmovable in oppositedirections into engagement with said element, and electrical means forcontrolling the movement of said disks.

11. A disk brake comprising, in combination, a rotatable membergenerally U-shaped in crosssection and forming in eiect a pair ofconnected spaced plates, and a pair of non-rotatable friction disksmovable into engagement with the outer surfaces of said plates.

12; In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, anintermediate ring located within the said brake drum and connectedthereto, additional non-turnable rings located within the said drum uponopposite sides of the said intermediate ring, the said rings beingdisposed about the same axis, and operating means adapted to causetional rings and a cylinder secured to the otherof said additional ringsfor actuating the piston.`

13. In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, vanintermediate ring located within the said brake drum and connectedthereto, additional non-turnable rings located within the said drum tobear 'in Opposite directions on said intermediate ring, the `saidringsbeingdisposed about the same axis, and operating means adapted to causethe additional rings to frictionally bear against the intermediate ring,said operating means comprising a cylinder connected to one of saidadditional rings, and a piston located within said cylinder andconnected to the other of said additional-rings. a

14. In an internal brake, the combinationof a brake drum, anintermediate ring located withv intermediate ring, the said rings beingdisposedV in the said brake drum and rotatable therewith, additionalnonfturnable rings located within the said drum to bear in oppositedirections on said about the same axis, and operating means adapted tocause the additional rings to frictionally bear against the intermediatering, said operat'- ing means comprising a cylinder connected to one ofsaid additional rings, and a piston located within said cylinder andconnected to the other of said additional rings.

15. In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, anintermediate ring located within said brake drum and having its outerperiphery connected to said drum to turn therewith, an innernon-turnable ring and an outer non-turnable ring located on oppositesides of the intermediate ring, the inner ring having a ange extendingthrough the intermediate ring, a power actuating means secured to saidflange and located beyond the outer ring and means connected to theouter ring and actuated by the said power actuating means.

16. In an internal brake for a wheel, the com` bination of anintermediate ring andtwo outer rings, all said rings havinga commonaxis, the intermediate ring being connected to the wheel structure toturn therewith, means adapted to prevent the outer rings from turningwith the wheel, anda power actuator cylinder structure connected to oneof said outer rings to move relative thereto the other of said outerrings having an element coacting with said power actuator.v

17. A disc brake comprising a fixed sleeve, a rotatable drum, a frictionelement therein and rotatable therewith, an annular member secured tosaid sleeve on one side of said friction element and an annular memberslidably splined on said sleeve on the other side of said frictionelement and means secured on said sleeve adjacent said splined membercomprising a power actuator havinga plunger engaging said splinedmember.

18. In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, anintermediate ring located within the said brake drum and connectedthereto, additional non-turnable rings located within the said drum uponopposite sides of the said intermediate ring, the said rings beingdisposed about the same axis, and operating means adapted to cause theadditional rings to frictionally bear against the intermediate ring,said operating r'neans comprising a cylinder connected to one of saidadditional rings, and a piston located within said cylinder andconnected to the other of said additionalrings.

19. In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, anintermediate ring located within said brake drum and having its outerperiphery connected to the said drum to turn therewith,

an inner non-turnable ring and an outer nonturnable ring located onopposite sides of the intermediate ring, the inner ring having a flangeextending through the intermediate ring, a cylinder secured to saidflange and located beyond the outer ring and a piston connected to theouter I ring and-located within the said cylinder.

20. In an internal brake for a wheel, the combination of an intermediatering and two outer rings, all said rings having a common axis, theintermediate ring being connected to the wheel structure to turntherewith, means adapted to prevent the outer rings from turning withthe 'wheeL a cylinder structure connected to one of said outer rings tomove in unison therewith, the other of said outer rings having apiston-like extension fitting within said cylinder structure,

and means adapted to force fluid under pressure into said cylinderstructure to cause said outer rings to be simultaneously actuatedtowards the intermediate ring. v

21. In an internal brake, the combination of a brake drum, anintermediate ring located within said brake drum and having its outerperiphery connected to the said drum to turn therewith, an innernon-turnable ring and an outer nonturnable ring located on oppositesides of the intermediate ring, the inner ring having a member extendingthrough the intermediate ring, a cylinder secured to said member andlocated beyond the outer ring and a piston'connected to the outer ringand located within the saidcylinder.

VINCENT BENDIx.

